鈦(tai)(tai)(tai)(tai)具(ju)(ju)有(you)可(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)塑(su)性(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)。高(gao)純(chun)(chun)鈦(tai)(tai)(tai)(tai)的(de)(de)延(yan)伸率(lv)可(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)達50～60%,斷面(mian)收縮率(lv)可(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)達70～80%。盡管(guan)(guan)高(gao)純(chun)(chun)鈦(tai)(tai)(tai)(tai)強(qiang)(qiang)度(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)低,但(dan)純(chun)(chun)工(gong)(gong)業(ye)(ye)鈦(tai)(tai)(tai)(tai)中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)含有(you)少(shao)量(liang)(liang)雜質和添加合金元素可(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)顯著強(qiang)(qiang)化(hua)其(qi)(qi)(qi)機械性(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)能,使其(qi)(qi)(qi)強(qiang)(qiang)度(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)可(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)與高(gao)強(qiang)(qiang)度(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)相(xiang)比(bi)擬(ni)。這就是(shi)說工(gong)(gong)業(ye)(ye)純(chun)(chun)鈦(tai)(tai)(tai)(tai)管(guan)(guan)中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong),只要含有(you)少(shao)量(liang)(liang)間隙(xi)雜質及其(qi)(qi)(qi)它(ta)金屬(shu)(shu)雜質,就可(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)使其(qi)(qi)(qi)既具(ju)(ju)有(you)高(gao)強(qiang)(qiang)度(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)(du),又有(you)適當的(de)(de)塑(su)性(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)。工(gong)(gong)業(ye)(ye)純(chun)(chun)鈦(tai)(tai)(tai)(tai)管(guan)(guan)的(de)(de)比(bi)強(qiang)(qiang)度(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)(強(qiang)(qiang)度(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)與重量(liang)(liang)比(bi))在(zai)金屬(shu)(shu)結構材料中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)是(shi)很(hen)高(gao)的(de)(de),它(ta)的(de)(de)強(qiang)(qiang)度(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)與鋼(gang)材相(xiang)當,但(dan)其(qi)(qi)(qi)重量(liang)(liang)僅為鋼(gang)材的(de)(de)57%。另外(wai),鈦(tai)(tai)(tai)(tai)管(guan)(guan)的(de)(de)耐熱性(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)很(hen)強(qiang)(qiang),在(zai)500℃的(de)(de)大(da)氣中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)仍(reng)能保持良好的(de)(de)強(qiang)(qiang)度(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)和穩(wen)定(ding)性(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)。鈦(tai)(tai)(tai)(tai)管(guan)(guan)還具(ju)(ju)有(you)良好的(de)(de)耐低溫性(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)能,即使在(zai)-250℃的(de)(de)超低溫下(xia),它(ta)仍(reng)具(ju)(ju)有(you)較高(gao)的(de)(de)沖擊強(qiang)(qiang)度(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)(du),可(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)耐高(gao)壓抗震動。工(gong)(gong)業(ye)(ye)純(chun)(chun)鈦(tai)(tai)(tai)(tai)管(guan)(guan)的(de)(de)另一顯著特(te)(te)點是(shi)耐腐蝕性(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)強(qiang)(qiang),這是(shi)由于它(ta)對氧的(de)(de)親(qin)合力特(te)(te)別大(da),能在(zai)其(qi)(qi)(qi)表面(mian)上生成一層致密的(de)(de)氧化(hua)膜,可(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)保護鈦(tai)(tai)(tai)(tai)不受介(jie)質腐蝕。因此,鈦(tai)(tai)(tai)(tai)在(zai)酸(suan)性(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)、堿性(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)、中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)性(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)鹽水溶(rong)液中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)和氧化(hua)性(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)介(jie)質中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)具(ju)(ju)有(you)很(hen)好的(de)(de)穩(wen)定(ding)性(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing),比(bi)現(xian)有(you)的(de)(de)不銹鋼(gang)和其(qi)(qi)(qi)它(ta)有(you)色金屬(shu)(shu)的(de)(de)耐腐蝕性(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)都(dou)好。工(gong)(gong)業(ye)(ye)純(chun)(chun)鈦(tai)(tai)(tai)(tai)管(guan)(guan)的(de)(de)應用范(fan)圍十(shi)分廣泛,目前工(gong)(gong)業(ye)(ye)純(chun)(chun)鈦(tai)(tai)(tai)(tai)管(guan)(guan)不僅在(zai)航(hang)天、航(hang)空工(gong)(gong)業(ye)(ye)中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)有(you)十(shi)分重要的(de)(de)應用,而(er)且(qie)已經在(zai)化(hua)工(gong)(gong)、石油、輕(qing)工(gong)(gong)、發電等許(xu)多(duo)工(gong)(gong)業(ye)(ye)部門中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)廣泛應用。由于純(chun)(chun)工(gong)(gong)業(ye)(ye)鈦(tai)(tai)(tai)(tai)管(guan)(guan)具(ju)(ju)有(you)重量(liang)(liang)輕(qing)、強(qiang)(qiang)度(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)大(da)、耐熱性(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)強(qiang)(qiang)、耐腐蝕等許(xu)多(duo)優良特(te)(te)性(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing),被譽為“未來(lai)的(de)(de)金屬(shu)(shu)”,是(shi)很(hen)有(you)發展(zhan)前途的(de)(de)一種新(xin)型(xing)結構材料。

工藝性能

鈦可進行鍛造(zao)、軋制(zhi)、擠壓(ya)(ya)、沖壓(ya)(ya)等各種壓(ya)(ya)力加工，原則上加熱(re)(re)鋼材所采(cai)用的設備(bei)都可以(yi)用于鈦材加熱(re)(re)，要(yao)求爐內氣(qi)氛保持中(zhong)性或弱氧化性氣(qi)氛，絕不允許使用氫氣(qi)加熱(re)(re)。

鈦(tai)的(de)屈強比(bi)(σ0.2/σb)較(jiao)高，一(yi)般在(zai)0.70～0.95之間，變形抗力大，而鈦(tai)的(de)彈性模量相(xiang)對較(jiao)低，因此(ci)鈦(tai)材(cai)在(zai)加工成(cheng)型時(shi)比(bi)較(jiao)困難。 純鈦(tai)具有(you)良好的(de)焊接(jie)性能，焊縫(feng)強度、延性和(he)抗蝕性與母材(cai)相(xiang)差(cha)不多。為防(fang)止焊接(jie)時(shi)的(de)污(wu)染，須采用鎢極氬(ya)氣(qi)保護(hu)焊。

鈦的(de)切削加(jia)工比(bi)較困(kun)難，主(zhu)要原因是鈦的(de)摩擦(ca)系數大，導(dao)熱性差，熱量主(zhu)要集中(zhong)在(zai)刀(dao)尖上(shang)，使刀(dao)尖很快軟化。同時鈦的(de)化學活性高(gao)，溫度升高(gao)容(rong)易粘(zhan)附(fu)刀(dao)具(ju)，造成粘(zhan)結磨損。在(zai)切削加(jia)工時，應(ying)正確選用(yong)刀(dao)具(ju)材料，保持刀(dao)具(ju)鋒(feng)銳，并采用(yong)良好(hao)的(de)冷卻(que)工藝(yi)。

本文(wen)來源(yuan)：搜(sou)鈦網